Aaron Rhodes was born and raised in the Southern Tier of New York State, where he attended a public school. He was further educated at Reed College and the University of Chicago, where he was awarded a Ph.D. in the Committee on Social Thought. After serving as Assistant to the President of Boston University, he worked on higher education reform projects in post-communist societies at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna. In 1993, Rhodes was named Executive Director of the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, a post he held until 2007. He was subsequently a co-founder of both the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran and the Freedom Rights Project and was President of the Forum for Religious Freedom-Europe, from 2014 to 2025. Rhodes is the author of The Debasement of Human Rights (2018). His numerous articles and editorials have appeared in the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Newsweek, Die Zeit, Law & Liberty, the National Interest, and elsewhere. The Republic of Austria made Rhodes an honorary citizen for his human rights work, and he has received the University of Chicago Alumni Association's Public Service Citation as "one of the leading human rights activists in the world." He lives in Hamburg, Germany with his family.